نقش ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت ﻫﺎي ﻏﯿﺮداوﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ

ﻣﺪﯾﺮﮐﻞ ﻓﺎﺋﻮ در ﻃﯽ ﻧﺸﺴﺖ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت (IMO) در ﻃﯽ ﮐﻨﻔﺮاﻧﺲ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﺋﻮ ﮔﻔﺖ، در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي در ﺣﺎل ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﺧﻄﺮات ﻋﻤﺪه اي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺮدم روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در اﻏﻠﺐ ﻣﻮارد ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮت اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﻣﯽ  ﺷﻮد. ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﯾﮏ ﺑﺨﺶ اﺳﺎﺳﯽ از ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﻫﺎي واﮐﻨﺸﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺮات اﺳﺖ. وي در اداﻣﻪ ﺳﺨﻨﺎن ﺧﻮد ﮔﻔﺖ، آﻣﺎر ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ از ﺳﺎل 2008 ﺗﺎ ﮐﻨﻮن ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻧﻔﺮ، ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 26 ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن ﻧﻔﺮ در ﺳﺎل، در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ و ﺑﻼﯾﺎي ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ آواره ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ اﯾﻦ روﻧﺪ در آﯾﻨﺪه ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺑﺪﻧﺒﺎل ﮔﺮﻣﺘﺮ ﺷﺪن ﻫﻮا و ﺑﺎرش ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﻞ آﺳﺎ ﺗﺸﺪﯾﺪ ﺷﻮد. ﺗﻨﻬﺎ راه ﭼﺎره ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺰرگ، ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺖ آن دﺳﺘﻪ از ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﮐﺜﺮﯾﺖ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺎن در آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﻐﻮل ﺑﮑﺎر ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ.
ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻗﻠﯿﻤﯽ ﺟﺎري اﮔﺮﭼﻪ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻫﺎي ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﺟﻮي ﻣﺜﻞ ﻃﻮﻓﺎن ﻫﺎ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ دﯾﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ، اﻣﺎ اﺛﺮات آﻧﻬﺎ در ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ ﻣﺪت ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﺳﺖ. ﺧﺸﮏ ﺷﺪن درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﭼﺎد ﻃﯽ 30 ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ آﻧﺠﺎ را ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺑﺤﺮاﻧﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﮐﺮده اﺳﺖ.

خبر: http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/903695/icode

Climate change poses a major risk for rural people in developing countries, often leading to distress-driven migration, and bolstering sustainable agriculture is an essential part of an effective policy response, FAO Director-General José Graziano da Silva said today.
Citing figures showing that since 2008 one person has been displaced every second by climate and weather disasters – an average of 26 million a year – and suggesting the trend is likely to intensify in the immediate future as rural areas struggle to cope with warmer weather and more erratic rainfall, he said the “solution to this great challenge” lies in bolstering the economic activities that the vast majority of rural populations are already engaged in. Graziano da Silva and William Lacy Swing, Director-General of the International Organization for Migration (IOM), spoke at a meeting during FAO’s Conference. “Although less visible than extreme events like a hurricane, slow-onset climate change events tend to have a much greater impact over time,” Swing said, citing the drying up over 30 years of Lake Chad, now a food crisis hotspot. “Many migrants will come from rural areas, with a potentially major impact on agricultural production and food prices.”